Do not become the second victim

When a friend or relative struggles in sea, river or canal, the body may run towards the water before the mind catches up. Recent incidents at Callantsoog, the Waal, Crete and Lake Como killed several rescuers while the original casualty survived, showing how good intent without sequence can create two victims. The Red Cross and Reddingsbrigade sequence starts by calling 112 with a precise location, then keeping verbal contact and throwing a lifebuoy, rope, ball or anything that floats. Entering the water without training is the last option. A panicking person may grip the rescuer, while current, cold shock, cramp and fatigue remove control within moments.

• Call emergency services immediately and give an exact position.
• Throw flotation or reach from land before entering.
• Keep speaking and encourage the person to float on their back.
• At natural water, identify flags, currents and an exit before swimming.

Hokimi field note：Spend one minute on arrival finding a lifebuoy, exit and location marker; that preparation is more useful than improvised bravery. Information last checked on 10 August 2026：source 1 · source 2。